We all know that cats adore catnip, but do you know why?  Many cat owners jokingly refer to their feline companions getting “high” off this delectable plant but in actual fact, even scientists are mystified when it comes to the effects of catnip on the feline mind.  If you’re curious about this mysterious herb, here are some of the things we do know about this universal feline treat.

The Science of Catnip

The scientific name for catnip, also known as “catmint,” is Nepeta cataria, the leaves of which bear a distinct resemblance to the common mint plant.  When flowering, Nepeta cataria produces a top cluster of small white flowers (although different variations produce pink and purple flowers as well).

Not all cats are attracted to catnip.  This is because the response to catnip is governed by the presence of a specific gene.  Depending on which source you believe, anywhere from 50 to 85% of cats have it while those that don’t are unaffected.

The active ingredient in catnip is an essential oil called “nepetalactone.”  When cats inhale the sweet scent of nepetalactone, they get that frisky feeling most cat owners associate with catnip!  It is believed that nepetalactone mimics certain cat pheromones, creating an otherwise natural response.

Catnip & Your Cat

Effects of catnip on cats differ between individuals.  For some cats, the fragrant herb elicits energetic euphoria, while other cats experience more laid-back laziness.  To induce the greatest response to catnip, release the essential oils by bruising fresh leaves or rubbing the dry herb in or on a toy.  Sprinkle some dried catnip on a cat scratcher to encourage your kitty to use the right scratching post!

Although the specific effects are unknown, possible effects include mild hallucinations, playfulness, hyperactivity, sedation, excessive drooling, and in some reports, an aphrodisiac effect.

Catnip aficionados will say that organic catnip has the highest levels of nepetalactone.  To preserve the oils, keep catnip in a dry, sealed container, preferably in the freezer, as this will prevent the oils from dissipating over time.

Catnip & People

Catnip is not just for kitties! The herb has historically been administered to people in tea, producing sedative-like effects to treat headaches and insomnia.  It has also been used to ease stomach pain and indigestion.

Curious? Add a teaspoon of dried catnip leaves or three to four teaspoons of fresh catnip leaves to a mug of boiling water.  Steep and enjoy! 

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